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Objective: To study the chemical constituents of aerial part of Gendarussa vulgaris. Methods: The compounds were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Base on HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and other spectral data, their structures were identified. Results: A total of 17 compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of 95% ethanol extract and identified as 24-norchol-5-en-3β-ol (1), dihydrobetulic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), 3-hydroxy-30-nor-20-oxo-28-lupanoic acid (4), 6-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxycoumarin (5), 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (6), 5,6,7- trimethoxycoumarin (7), 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin (8), syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (10), N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (11), N-(2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropyl) acetamide (12), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (13), 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (14), p-E-coumarin quinic acid methyl ester (15), 3,4,5-O-tricaffeoyl quinic acid methyl ester (16) and 1'S*,4'R*-8-(4'-hydroxy-2',6',6'-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)-6-methyloct-3E,5E,7E-trien-2-one (17). Conclusion: Compounds 1 and 2 are new natural products. All Compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time except compound 6. Besides, all compounds are screened for anti-inflammatory activity and compounds 2, 3, 11, 13, and 17 have NO release inhibiting activities on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells with IC50 values of (30.91 ± 0.50), (44.66 ± 0.56), (17.67 ± 0.57), (28.45 ± 0.67) and (20.79 ± 0.24) μmol/L, respectively.
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Objective: To establish a pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) model of Periploca forrestii. Methods: The right hindfoot footpad of rats were 0.1 mL complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) to establish adjuvant arthritis (AA) rat model. Rats were ig P. forrestii extract (87 g/kg, twice a day for 14 d) and blood were collected via tail vein at 5, 15, 30, 45 min, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 h after the last administration. The concentrations of 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in plasma samples were detected by HPLC-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to obtain the drug concentration-time curve. The level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), rheumatoid factor (RF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in plasma samples were determined by kit to obtain the time-effect curve. WinNonLin software was used to fit the PK parameters of P. forrestii, and the time-effect relationship was fitted to obtain the PD parameters. According to the PD parameters, the PK-PD model of P. forrestii was established. Results: The PK-PD model of P. forrestii according to the WinNonLin software was fitted in accordance with the Inhibitory Effect Sigmoid E0 model, in which the blood concentrations of 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid could be calculated based on the potency values, and the potency values could be calculated based on the blood concentrations. Conclusion: There was a correlation between the concentrations of IL-1β, RF, TNF-α and 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid. These three components in P. forrestii extract could inhibit the secretion of IL-1β, RF and TNF-α to treat rheumatiod arthritis.
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Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Periploca Radix. Methods: The chemical constituents of Periploca forrestii were separated using various chromatographic techniques. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. Results: Nineteen compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of P. forrestii, and identified as 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (1), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (2), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (3), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), 1, 3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (8), 3, 5-di-O- caffeoylquinic acid (9), 4, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (10), protocatechuic aldehyde (11), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (12), o-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), syringic acid (14), vanillic acid (15), periforgenin A (16), Δ5-pregnene-3β, 17α, 20α-triol (17), periforgenin C (18), and periplogenin (19). Conclusion: Compounds 1-12 are isolated from the plants of genus Periploca Linn. for the first time, and compound 13 is isolated from P. forrestii for the first time.
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Objective: This study is aimed at developing an UPLC method for simultaneous determination of 1, 3-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid and fingerprint analysis of Inula cappa. Methods: WATERS ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with gradient elution of 0.1% acetic acid-acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min was employed for analysis of 20 batches of samples from three provinces or autonomous region. The detected wavelength was set at 329 nm. The column temperature was maintained at 30℃ and the sample solutions were maintained at 4℃ before analysis. Results: Twenty peaks were selected as the common peaks in fingerprint and the similarity of samples was above 0.900 except S18. The variance analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, and principle component analysis were employed for the quality evaluation based on the contents of seven components and fingerprint similarity. The results indicated that the contents of 1,3- and 1,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid were significantly different among three provinces or autonomous region. The clustering analysis results showed that 20 batches of samples were divided into two classes and the quality of samples from Guangxi provinves were more stable than those from Guizhou and Yunnan. Conclusion: The established method could be rapid and accurate to evaluate the quality of I. cappa.
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Objective: To modify the structure of natural monomeric compound 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid from medicinal plant Pandanus tectorius, and evaluate the anti-influenza virus activity of the derivatives. Methods: Applying 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid as material, the target compounds were prepared by three routes and evaluated for their anti-influenza virus effects by MDCK cells in vitro. Results: Thirteen caffeoylquinic acid derivatives B1-B13 were synthesized. The structures of the target compounds were identified by spectrum. Pharmacological results showed that the compounds B4, B6, and B10 had the different potencial inhibition on the replication of influenza virus in cells. Conclusion: The new compounds B2 and B4-B13 which show the potential biological activity of anti-influenza virus, have not been reported in any literatures and are worth studying further.
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Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the 75% ethanol extract of Euodia rutaecarpa. Methods: Chromatographic methods, such as silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, were used for the isolation and purification. The structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Results: Eight compounds were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of E. rutaecarpa, and were identified as sinapyl alcohol 9-O-feruloyl-4-O-β-D-glucopyanoside (1), 3-O- caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (2), caffeic acid (3), ferulic acid (4), p-hydroxycinnamic acid (5), 4-methoxybenzylalcohol (6), 3, 4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid (7), and 7-hydroxy coumarin (8). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new phenylpropanoid glycoside named neoeuodiside, and compounds 2, 3, 6, and 7 are isolated from the plants of Euodia J. R. et G. Forst. for the first time.
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CONCLUSION: The established HPLC method is simple, rapid and accurate, and can be used to control the quality of Valeriana jatamansi.